*T.P.S.

*Mushroom

 

 

 

What is T. P. S.  ?

Tiny botanical seeds of Potato substitutes a bulky quantity of Potato seed tuber.

 Why T. P. S.  ?

 q       100   grams is sufficient to cover one hectare area instead of planting 2-2.5 tons of Potato seed tuber.

q       Being hybrid, capable of giving more production.

q       Absolutely disease free seed material.

q       No cold storage facility is required for storing T.P.S.

q       Practically no cost is involved for transporting T.P.S. unlike seed tuber.

q       Comparatively more resistance to pests and diseases.

q       Net profit is more as cost of cultivation is less and also as the per hectare production is more.

q       The seed tubers being utilized could be otherwise used for consumption.

 Cost of production of potato using T.P.S. is approximately 55% less in comparison to cost of production of potato using seed tuber. At the same time production may be obtained upto the level of 35 M.T. hectare.

Package of practices for production of Potato using T.P.S.

Raising Seedling:-

                        Seeds are sown at 0.5 cm depth in raised nursery beds (6 inches or 15 cm) prepared to good tilth with finally powdered dry cowdung in rows at 10 cm apart and provide seed. Water with fine rose can. Apply foliar spray 0.1% Urea solution from 15^th day after sowing on alternate days till the seedlings are ready for transplanting (25 to 28 days) with 4 to 5 leaf stage. Care should be taken against pests and diseases.

 Cultivation in the Main Field:-

                        Prepare the main field to a good tilth after leveling. Apply 20-25^M.T. F.Y.M. and 75 : 100 : 150 Kg. N.P.K. per hectare. Make ridges (6 inches or 15 cm height) and furrows at 50 to 60 cm apart in East West direction. Irrigate the furrows to 3 inches or 7.5 cm height. Transplant the seedlings on the next day in the northers side of the ridges at half the height, 15 cm apart. On 35^th day apply 75 Kg. Nitrogen per hectare after weeding and earthing up is to be done I such a way that the plants come to the center of the ridges. Provide irrigation as and when required. Apply P.P.C. on need base.

 What is Tuberlet ?

Small tubers upto 20 gms. size produced from T.P.S. may be termed as tuberlet. Requirement of seed tuber could be brought down to one-third by using tuberlets.

 Package of practices for production of Tuberlet using T.P.S.

   Prepare beds of 6 inches or 15 cm. height. 1 mt. width and according to convenient length at 0.5 mt. apart. Bring to good tilth mixing with finely powdered well rotten dried cowdung. Apply Urea, S.P. and M.O.P. @20 gms. 60 gms. & 25 gms./Sq. mt. respectively as basal dose. Sow 2-3 seeds per hols at 0.5 cm. depth with 20 cm. X   5 cm.  spacing. Provide shed to avoid scorching sun and irrigate the beds with fine rose can as per necessity. Earth up with the mixture of finely prepared soil and cowdung alongwith Urea @5 gms./Sq. mt. at 30^th, 45^th and 60^th day, cut the haulms at 90^th day. During the whole peoduction period, need base spraying with P.P.C. should be undertaken. Treat the Tuberlets with 3% Boric-acid and store in cold storage for next year after proper drying in shade.

 HOW TO COLLECT T.P.S.

  T.P.S.    can be obtained by sending Demand Draft in advance drawn in favour of the Vegetable Seed Production Officer, Horticulture Research Complex, Nagicherra, Agartala, Tripura (West), Pin-799004, Rate of  T.P.S. is Rs. 16,000/- per kilogram within India. Excluding Postal & Packing charge.

 FOR T.P.S. – CONTACT

1. Resident Commissioner, Tripura Bhawan, Kautilya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India.
2. Resident Commissioner, Tripura Bhawan, A-6 Dammayanti Apartment, 17 South Mada Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600035, India.
3. Joint Resident Commissioner, Tripura Bhawan, No. 1, Pretoria Street, Calcutta-700071, India, Phone-033-242-3856/242-2801.
4. Deputy Resident Commissioner, Tripura Bhawan, G. S. Road, Ulubari, Pin-781007, Gluwahati, India, Phone-0361-540409.
5. Director of Horticulture & Soil Conservation, Government of Tripura, P.O. Agartala, Pin-799001, Tripura, Agartala, Phone-0381-22-2805/038122-3922/0381-22-1898, FAX No.-0381-22-3778/0381-22-4013.
6. Vegetable Seed Production Officer, Horticulture Research Complex, P. O.-Nagicherra, Tripura (West), India, Pin-799004.
7. Executive Director, NERAMAC, R. G. Barua Road, Ganesh Ruri, Guwahati-5, India, Phone-0361-565400, FAX –0361-540838.
8. Zonal Manager, NERAMAC, A. D. Nagar,  Industrial Estate Complex, P.O.-Arundhatinagar, Pin-799003, Tripura (West), India, Phone-0381-2300392.
9. Managing Director, Tripura Horticulture Corporation Ltd., Palace Compound (WEst), Agartala, Pin-799001, Tripura (West), India, Phone-0381-22-5370, FAX-0381-22-3778/0381-22-4013.
10. Tripura Apex Marketing Co-operative society Ltd., B. K. Road, Agartala, Pin-799001, Tripura (West), India, Phone-0381-22-3655/0381-22-6152, Gram-COMARKET, FAX-0381-22-3655.

 FORMS   OF  SUPPLY  ORDER OF  T.P.S.

 To.

The Director, Horticulture & Soil Conservation,

Agartala,  Tripura (W), India

Pin.- 799001,

E mail: hsc@trp.nic.in

Dear Sir,

 

                        Please supply ……………………….. Kilogram T.P.S  by Air Freight / Registered Post Parcel.

                         The cost of ………………………… Kilogram T.P.S  amounting to Rs. / U.S. Dollar ……………………………………………… is sent herewith under Demand Draft No. …………………………………………….. Dated …………………………... .

 Date:                                                                                                              Yours faithfully,

 Place:

  

Name & Address of the indenter.

 

 

                       Mushroom

From the earliest times mushrooms have been used for food and have always been considered a delicacy. Among the many novel sources of protein to bridge the protein gap mushrooms offer themselves as potential sources. In the modern world today mushroom consumption is gaining popularity rapidly because of the growing consciousness of the food value of this unique item of food. Today the mushroom is no longer wrapped in the mystery and superstition of the days gone by and through long and fruitful work of scientists down the ages we are now in a position to cultivate mushrooms artificially.

As already stated mushroom is a good source of protein and amino acid. Its protein content varies between 19 to 40% on dry weight basis. Mushroom protein contain most of the essential amino acids.

Mushrooms are an excellent source of folic acid which is given when treating various forms of anemia.

Mushrooms are reported to be excellent source of riboflavin (B₂ a member of vit. B complex) and nicotinic acid (niacin, vitamin of the B complex) and a good source of pantothenic acid (a member of the vitamin B complex). It also contains appreciable amount of thiamine (a member of vitamin B complex) and ascorbic acid (vit. C).

The presence of different mineral element like calcium, iron, copper, phosphorus increases the food value.

As indicated in the following table the carbohydrate and fat content of edible mushroom is quite low. The absence of starch in mushrooms makes it an ideal food for diabetic patients and or persons not wishing to put weight.

In addition to its food value there is nothing to waste since the entire mushroom can be consumed.

 CULTIVATION  TECHNIQUE  OF  PLEUROTUS  Spp.

(NYLON   NET  BAG)

 Articles required:-

1)                   Nylon Net Bag (45 cm X 30 cm).

2)                   Fresh, Golden Yellow Colored  Paddy Straw.

3)                   Polythene Bag (60 cm X 45 cm).

 A protected shady place is necessary for cultivation of Mushroom. This may be a green house or a thatched shed, varandah or a room. It is essential no direct sunrays, rains or strong wind as access to the place of cultivation.

The fresh, well-dried, golden yellow colored, chopped (2.5 to 5 cm) paddy straw socked in cool water for 24 hours and subsequently 2 hours in hot water (80°C). After soaking in hot water allow excess water to run off. Place 15 cm.  layer of presoaked straw inside bottom of the nylon net bag and broadcast half bottle of spawn above the straw layer. Place another 10 cm. layer of presoaked straw above the spawn layer and again broadcast remaining half bottle of spawn above the second layer of straw. Finally place another 5 cm. layer of presoaked straw inside the net bag and press the straw from upper side inside the net bag to keep the straw and spawn in close contact. the nylon net full of straw and spawn covered carefully with a transparent polythene bag of 60 cm X 45 cm size on the body of which small holes of 0.5 cm diameter punched at a distance of 15 cm. Hang the bags in air on a suitable support in a shady place as mentioned earlier. Sprinkle water (250 ml/bag) on every alternate day by opening the polythene cove at the top.

In about 10 to 12 days the straw will be covered with white mycelial growth. The first flush of pinheads appears in about 15 to20 days of spawning. At this stage remove the polythene cover and sprinkle water daily and harvest when the tiny pinheads will grow into full sized mushroom 3 to 4 days later.

To harvest the mushroom take hold of the stipe (stalk) at the base with thumb and forefinger and with a gentle twist the mushroom is neatly detached from the straw. After 1st harvest the cobweb of the mycelial growth of the mushroom is again covered with the same polythene bag and sprinkle water on alternate day. Second flush of crop appears 10 to 12 days after 1st harvest. A third harvest is also possible from the same bag if proper care management practices are followed.

An average yield totals to around 600 gm. from each bag.

FOR  DETAILS  AND  AVAILABILITY   OF  SPAWN

CONTACT-DIRECTORATE  OF  HORTICULTURE

AND  SOIL  CONSERVATION  OR HORTICULTURE

RESEARCH  COMPLEX,  NAGICHERRA.

Email: hsc@trp.nic.in

 

Mushroom Cultivation Technique

Pleurotus spp. (Straw cube method)

 

Materials required:-       

            1.             Wooden mould (Size 45 cm X 22 cm X 15 cm).

2.                    Polythene Sheer (1 sq. metre).

3.                    Nylon Rope.

4.                    fresh Golden Yellow Coloured Paddy Straw.

5.                    Press Wooden Board (42 cm X 20 cm).

Procedure:-   

Ø      Select protected shady place, chop straw into 1¢¢ long and dip in cold water for 12-24 hours.

Ø      Drain out excess water and dip in hot water (80°C) for 2 hours and drain out excess water and let it cool.

Ø      Place the wooden mould on smooth clean surface, put nylon rope criss-cross inside the mould.

Ø      Place the nylon sheet over the nylon rope.

Ø      Divide one bottle/packet of spawn into 5 parts and six kg. wet straw into 6 parts. Now place one part of straw and broadcast one part of spawn over the straw layer and then place another layer of straw. Over the spawn layer inside the wooden mould and press with the press board to make it compact. Continue the placement of alternate layer of spawn and straw and press with the board. the final layer will be of straw.

Ø      Wrap the material with polythene sheet previously placed and tie with the nylon rope tightly.

Ø      Now take out the straw cube from the wooden mould thus prepared and place on a rake.

Ø      After 10-15 days when the straw is completely covered with white mycelial growth, then remove nylon rope and the polythene sheet carefully and place the straw cube in a shady place but never under direct sun and water regularly so as to keep the straw cube always moist (avoid excess watering).

Ø      Depending upon the species o mushroom and ambient temperature, the first flush of pin head will appear from all sides of the cube in about 3-5 days after removing the polythene sheet.

Ø      Sprinkle water 2-3 times a day (but care should be taken so that pinheads are not damaged).

Ø      Within 2-3 days of appearance of pinheads the mushroom will be ready for harvest.

Ø      After first harvest sprinkle water regularly to keep the straw cube just moist. Second flush of crop appears in all out 10-12 days after 1st harvest. A third harvest is also possible if proper care and management practices are followed.

 

SOME   COMMON  RECIPES  MUSHROOMS

 

Mushroom Curry

Ingredients:-                Mushroom

(Pleurotus spp.)   100 g.

Potato   50 g.

Onion   25 g.

Carlic   1 clove

Ginger   5 g.

Tomato   25 g.

Turmeric Powder   ½ tea spoonful.

Groundnut Oil   1 table spoonful.

Sugar   ½  tea spoonful.

Chilly Powder   to taste

Garam Masala   - do –

Salt   - do –

 

Method:- Clean & cut mushroom and potato into pieces. Heat oil and fry potato. Fry garlic & onion. When the onions are brown add spices, salt, mushroom, potato & fry. Now add sugar & 3 cup full water and boil. Before serving add garam masala and few fresh coriander leaves.

 

Mushroom Pakora

Ingredients:-             Mushroom                                     100 g.

Besan             150 g.

Onion               50 g.

Baking Powder             ½ tea spoonful.

Salt             to taste.

Coriander Leaves

and Green Chillies             A few.

Turmeric Powder             ½ tea spoonful.

Groundnut Oil             4 table spoonful.

 

Method:- Clean & cut mushroom. make a thick paste with besan & water and add green chillies, chopped onions, coriander leaves, baking powder, turmeric powder and salt to it. Sprinkle salt on mushrooms ad dip in the besan paste and deep fry. Serve hot with tomato sauce.

 

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